Case story database

Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Fire resistant composition in particular for energy or telecommunication cables.

The substitution originates from a patent registration filed in 2006 concerning the substitution of different halogenated polymers used as flame retardants with non-halogen thermoplastics with cork as a fire retardant filler. By mixing in cork in the composition the heat release rate for the polymers decreased significantly, resulting in a more flame resistant material.

Evaluation of halogen-free flame retardants in polypropylene formulations as alternatives to flame retardants containing halogens.

This document concerns an evaluation of several halogen-free flame retardants. The evaluation also presents some new types of flame retardants, which are fully functional, commercially available and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional halogenated flame retardants. The details, strengths and limitations of all alternatives are listed below.

Dimethyl sulfoxide as alternative solvent

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an efficient polar aprotic solvent in numerous applications. It may be used as an alternative to N methylpyrrolidone (1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone), dimethylformamide or methylene chloride (dichloromethane) and other solvents in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fine chemicals, electronics and cleaning.

Substitution of PVC and phthalate plasticizer carpet backing by a mixture of materials (EcoWorx) the primary component of which is a food grade low density polyethylene (LDPE).

Carpet comprises two main elements, nylon face pile and backing. Backing systems represent a significant investment in materials, engineering and performance.Shaw’s goals were to re-engineer the carpet following “Cradle to Cradle” design principles to eliminate hazardous chemicalsand to facilitate recycling of the face pile and backing at the end of its life.The use of industry standard PVC backings was incompatible with these goals. The polyolefin replacement backing meets all PVC product and price performance criteria while allowing the product to be fully recycled.

Substitution von PVC und Phthalatweichmachern in Teppichrückseiten durch ein Materialgemisch (EcoWorx), dessen Hauptbestandteil ein lebensmittelechtes Polyethylen mit geringer Dichte ist (LDPE).

Ein Teppich besteht aus zwei Hauptelementen, dem Nylonoberflächenflor und der Teppichrückseite. Die Rückseitensysteme stellen eine bedeutende Investition von Materialien, Technologie und Performance dar. Shaw's Ziele waren, den Teppich nach den "Cradle to Cradle" Designprinzipien zu überarbeiten, um gefährliche Stoffe zu eliminieren, und das Recycling des Oberflächenflors und der Teppichrückseite nach Gebrauch zu ermöglichen. Die Verwendung der branchenüblichen PVC-Teppichrücken war mit diesen Zielen nicht vereinbar. Die Ersatzmaterial eingesetzten Rückseiten aus Polyolefin erfüllen alle Preis- und Leistungsansprüchen und ermöglicht es, das Produkt vollständig zu recyclen.

Large cooling systems for buildings and industrial plants: Chillers with natural refrigerants.

At least two companies in Denmark produce chillers with natural refrigerants. A chiller is a factory-made refrigeration system, which can produce cold water (or liquid) to air-condition large buildings or to cool industrial processes. This case describes the use of ammonia and ammonia/carbon dioxide. The case is based upon a Danish EPA interview with the company.

Mittlere bis große Kühlsysteme für Gebäude und Industrieanlagen: Kältemaschinen mit natürlichen Kühlmitteln.

Zwei dänische Unternehmen begannen mit der Herstellung von mittleren bis großen Kühleinheiten (50-400 kW), die einfache Kohlenwasserstoffe als Kühlmittel an Stelle von Fluorkohlenwasserstoffen verwenden. Die beiden Unternehmen produzieren rund 150 Einheiten pro Jahr hauptsächlich für den Binnenmarkt, aber der Export in andere Länder hat ebenfalls begonnen.

Medium to large size cooling systems for buildings and industrial plants: Chillers with natural refrigerants.

Two Danish companies have started a production of medium to large cooling units (50-400 kW) that utilize simple hydrocarbons as refrigerants instead of hydrofluorocarbons. The two companies make about 150 units per year, mostly for the domestic market but exports to other countries have started.

Großkühlsysteme für Gebäude und Industrieanlagen: Kältemaschinen mit natürlichen Kühlmitteln

Mindestens zwei Betriebe in Dänemark stellen Kältemaschinen mit natürlichen Kühlmitteln her. Eine Kältemaschine ist ein fabrikproduziertes Kühlsystem, das kaltes Wasser (oder Flüssigkeit) herstellen kann, um Gebäude zu klimatisieren oder industrielle Prozesse zu kühlen. Dieser Fall beschreibt die Verwendung von Ammoniak und Ammoniak/Kohlenstoffdioxid. Dieser Fall basiert auf einem Interview der dänischen Umweltbehörde (EPA) mit dem Unternehmen.

Assessment, development and demonstration of alternatives for n-propyl bromide

This document describes possible alternatives to n-propyl bromide in different types of aerosol cleaning, industrial precision cleaning and as an adhesive for polyurethane in furniture. The alternative includes both alternative cleaners, such as water based systems, and alternative adhesives including acetone and latex, as well as alternative cleaning technologies including laser, deionised water and carbon dioxide pellet blasting. The document focuses on function and cost aspects of the alternatives.

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