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You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Alternatives to 2-methoxyethanol as put forward by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)

This document concerns the general toxicity of 2-methoxyethanol and some common alternatives to its use in different applications. The most common substitutes for 2-methoxyethanol are: PGME, EGBE, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether (EGPE) and their acetates (PGMEA, EGBEA, EGPEA). The decision which alternative to use depends on what application 2-methoxyethanol is currently used in.

Substitution of allergenic preservatives: methylisothiazolinone and methylchloroisothiazolinone

A Ph.D. thesis showed that methylisothiazolinone could be remarkably reduced if it was combined with phenoxyethanol in conservation of cosmetic cream.

Aqueous solution combined with ultrafiltration as an alternative to 4-methylpentan-2-one (MIBK) in purification of penicillin.

4-methylpentan-2-one (MIBK) was used for purification of penicillin in a pharmaceutical production. As an alternative the company used a method, where penicillin becomes water soluble through pH adjustment and then the purification can be made by ultra filtration. In this way MIBK was totally phased out.

Neutralization of alkaline waste water with high ammonia content.

Waste water with a high content of ammonia was previously neutralised with strong acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. These strong acids were replaced by carbon dioxide (CO2).

Substitution of concentrated sodium hydroxide with sodium hydrogen carbonate for pH adjustment in pharmaceutical production.

Neutralisation of a product during a pharmaceutical production was earlier done by applying sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide was substituted with the less hazardous alternative sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Reduction of VOC emissions in windscreen washers

In a study performed for the Danish EPA, several alternatives to solvents were tested including anti freezing protein. It was possible to formulate washers with a lower alcohol percentage, thereby reducing the emission of solvents.

Reduzierung von VOC-Emission aus Scheibenwaschanlagen

In einer von der dänischen EPA durchgeführten Studie wurden mehrere Alternativen zu Lösungsmitteln getestet, einschließlich eines Frostschutz-Proteins. Es gelang die Formulierung eines Reinigungsmittels mit einem niedrigeren Prozentsatz Alkohol und damit die Reduktion von Lösungsmittelemissionen.

Green Glue - alternative for methanol releasing silane based parquet adhesives

The European wood flooring (parquet) market produces over 100 million square meters per year. Approximately 70% of wood floors are installed by bonding using specialised adhesives, with an estimated annual consumption of 70 million litres. Most of them contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other hazardous substances which are harmful to human health and the environment. Green glue is an environmentally friendly adhesive for wood-flooring installation. It does not contain VOCs, isocyanates or tin and does not release methanol.

Life cycle assessment of three paints

An assessment of environmental and occupational health impacts of a powdered paint, a solvent based paint and a water-based paint showed that xylene, titanium dioxide and TGIC are first priority to substitute. Beta hydroxy alkylamide is suggested as an alternative for TGIC . No successful chemical alternative for xylene was found, but other water based paint systems could be used. No alternative to titanium dioxide was suggested.

Green Glue - eine Alternative zu Methanol freisetzendem Parkettkleber auf der Basis von Silanen.

Der europäische Markt für Holzbodenbeläge (Parkett) produziert über 100 Millionen Quadratmeter pro Jahr. Ungefähr 70% der Holzböden werden unter Verwendung spezieller Kleber bei einem geschätzten Verbrauch von 70 Millionen Litern pro Jahr verlegt. Die meisten von ihnen enthalten flüchtige organische Verbindungen (VOCs) und andere gefährliche Stoffe, die gesundheits- und umweltschädlich sind. Green Glue ist ein umweltfreundlicher Kleber für die Verlegung von Holzfußböden. Es enthält weder VOCs noch Isocyanate oder Zinn und gibt kein Methanol ab.

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