Case story database

Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Alternatives to 2-methoxyethanol as put forward by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)

This document concerns the general toxicity of 2-methoxyethanol and some common alternatives to its use in different applications. The most common substitutes for 2-methoxyethanol are: PGME, EGBE, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether (EGPE) and their acetates (PGMEA, EGBEA, EGPEA). The decision which alternative to use depends on what application 2-methoxyethanol is currently used in.

Substitution of 2-mercaptoethanol with 1,4-dithiothreitol for use as reducing agent in sample preparation for electrophoresis.

This example concerns the substitution of 2-mercaptoethanol with 1,4-dithiothreitol for use as a reducing agent in sample preparations of proteins or DNA/RNA before electrophoresis.

Ionic liquids for tissue fixation instead of formalin

1-methyl-3-octyloxymethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate proved to be a very good tissue fixative. Compared to fixation with formalin it resulted in comparable quality of preparations.

Substitution von Methanol durch Ethanol bei der Fixierung von Polyacrylamidgelen für die Analyse von Proteinen und DNA/RNA .

Methanol wird in einem Fixierungsprozess verwendet, der bei der Analyse
von Proteinen und DNA/RNA in Polyacrylamidgelen erforderlich ist. Diese Fixierung ist
notwendig, um Proteine oder Nukleinsäuren in große unlösbare Aggregate
umzuwandeln, die nicht reagieren oder zerfallen können. Ethanol ist ein
gutes Substitut für Methanol, da es weniger toxisch und die Arbeit mit
dem Stoff somit sicherer ist.

Die Substitution funktioniert bei der
Western Blot Analyse und der Aufbereitung von Membranen nicht gut. Es
sollte daher nicht für PVDF-Membranen verwendet werden.

Different ways to phase out halocarbons like dichloromethane in various applications.

This document describes how a large portion of the halocarbons used and manufactured in Sweden were phased out during the late 1980´s and early 1990´s. Several specific examples are mentioned concerning what chemicals were substituted and what the alternatives were. The chemicals discussed are mainly: dichloromethane, trichloroethylene, 1,1,2-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

Fire resistant composition in particular for energy or telecommunication cables.

The substitution originates from a patent registration filed in 2006 concerning the substitution of different halogenated polymers used as flame retardants with non-halogen thermoplastics with cork as a fire retardant filler. By mixing in cork in the composition the heat release rate for the polymers decreased significantly, resulting in a more flame resistant material.

Alternatives to Chromic Acid Cleaners in Laboratories

Chromic acid is widely used in many laboratories for cleaning glassware. Because of the hazards for health and environment some alternatives have been developed as commercial products, but also as laboratory-made substitutes.

Evaluation of halogen-free flame retardants in polypropylene formulations as alternatives to flame retardants containing halogens.

This document concerns an evaluation of several halogen-free flame retardants. The evaluation also presents some new types of flame retardants, which are fully functional, commercially available and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional halogenated flame retardants. The details, strengths and limitations of all alternatives are listed below.

Substitution of Chloroform with 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane in RNA-isolation.

Chloroform is commonly used in a method to isolate RNA from DNA and proteins. Since chloroform is a neurotoxicant, an endocrine disruptor and possibly also a carcinogen, substitution of the substance is advantageous from a workers' safety perspective. It was found that 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane (BCP) could work as a fully functional substitute for chloroform without any changes in the experimental process.

Substitution of gasoline with a combination of ethanol based all-purpose cleaner and window cleaner for cleaning of medical equipment.

Gasoline is used to clean medical equipment in hospital and laboratories. It was discovered that gasoline can readily be substituted with an ethanol based all-purpose cleaner. For hospital and laboratory glassware, a window cleaner should also be used for best results.

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