Case story database

Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

In order to utilize information in the best way, please take note of the SUBSPORTplus methodology on case stories!

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Substitution of phosphates in household detergents

This project focuses on the consequences of a possible ban of phosphate in laundry and automatic dishwashing detergents. Based on the results of a screening and a risk assessment of the substances with highest risk a ban of phosphate in laundry detergents will not lead to toxic effects in the aquatic environment but it will improve the situation.

Cables without lead, PVC and phthalates

A Danish producer of cables has developed cable installation without lead, PVC and phthalates. The new cable type NOPOVIC® is based on a mixture of non-halogen polymers such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) copolymers with added non-flammable minerals like magnesium and aluminium hydrates.

Fire resistant composition in particular for energy or telecommunication cables.

The substitution originates from a patent registration filed in 2006 concerning the substitution of different halogenated polymers used as flame retardants with non-halogen thermoplastics with cork as a fire retardant filler. By mixing in cork in the composition the heat release rate for the polymers decreased significantly, resulting in a more flame resistant material.

Evaluation of halogen-free flame retardants in polypropylene formulations as alternatives to flame retardants containing halogens.

This document concerns an evaluation of several halogen-free flame retardants. The evaluation also presents some new types of flame retardants, which are fully functional, commercially available and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional halogenated flame retardants. The details, strengths and limitations of all alternatives are listed below.

Neutralization of alkaline waste water with high ammonia content.

Waste water with a high content of ammonia was previously neutralised with strong acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. These strong acids were replaced by carbon dioxide (CO2).

Reduction of chlorine for disinfection in swimming pools

Chlorine is used as a disinfectant in swimming pools. Chlorine has the advantage of being effective against a considerable number of microorganisms. When adding free chlorine to swimming pool water, however, a very large number of unwanted chlorinated by-products are formed. Other compounds can be used for disinfection, but they are not as efficient and fast-acting as chlorine. But if e.g. silver compounds are combined with a non-chemical alternative as filtration a good result can be achieved.

Replacement for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) gases and hydrocarbons with CO2 for cooling systems

A Danish company has developed a cooling method based solely on CO2 with the support of the Danish environmental protection agency. The environmental benefits are large and the market is promising.

Alternative to formaldehyde as preservative in water samples

A well-known preservative, formaldehyde, is also a carcinogen and a sensitiser. Its use for preserving macroinvertebrates in fresh water samples can be substituted by freezing parts of the samples and using ethanol for the other parts.

Alternatives to hydrazine in anticorrosion treatment for boilers

Hydrazine is used to protect boilers form corrosion by reducing the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water and by contributing to the passivation of the metal surface of the installation. Hydrazine is a hazardous substance and alternatives have been found that give acceptable results.

Component cleaning from the waste incineration plant by low-pressure spray washer

A well-known waste disposer and energy supplier from Germany substituted hydrocarbon solvents with heated aqueous cleaner on a wash stand. This cleaning method is used to remove mud, dust, oil and grease of components from repair- and maintenance purpose.

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