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Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Alternatives to 2-methoxyethanol as put forward by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)

This document concerns the general toxicity of 2-methoxyethanol and some common alternatives to its use in different applications. The most common substitutes for 2-methoxyethanol are: PGME, EGBE, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether (EGPE) and their acetates (PGMEA, EGBEA, EGPEA). The decision which alternative to use depends on what application 2-methoxyethanol is currently used in.

Substitution of 2-mercaptoethanol with 1,4-dithiothreitol for use as reducing agent in sample preparation for electrophoresis.

This example concerns the substitution of 2-mercaptoethanol with 1,4-dithiothreitol for use as a reducing agent in sample preparations of proteins or DNA/RNA before electrophoresis.

Ionic liquids for tissue fixation instead of formalin

1-methyl-3-octyloxymethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate proved to be a very good tissue fixative. Compared to fixation with formalin it resulted in comparable quality of preparations.

Substitution von Methanol durch Ethanol bei der Fixierung von Polyacrylamidgelen für die Analyse von Proteinen und DNA/RNA .

Methanol wird in einem Fixierungsprozess verwendet, der bei der Analyse
von Proteinen und DNA/RNA in Polyacrylamidgelen erforderlich ist. Diese Fixierung ist
notwendig, um Proteine oder Nukleinsäuren in große unlösbare Aggregate
umzuwandeln, die nicht reagieren oder zerfallen können. Ethanol ist ein
gutes Substitut für Methanol, da es weniger toxisch und die Arbeit mit
dem Stoff somit sicherer ist.

Die Substitution funktioniert bei der
Western Blot Analyse und der Aufbereitung von Membranen nicht gut. Es
sollte daher nicht für PVDF-Membranen verwendet werden.

Substitution of subtilisins in manual cleaning of flexible endoscopes in hospitals

In a hospital in the Capital Region of Denmark cleaning of flexible endoscopes with enzymes was substituted by a product based on triethanolamine hereby reducing the risk of allergy. The substitution can only be performed if the succeeding machine wash is not based on aldehydes.

Substitution of methanol with ethanol for use in fixation of polyacrylamide gels in analysis of proteins and DNA/RNA.

Methanol is used in a fixation process required for analysis of proteins and DNA/RNA on polyacrylamide gels. Fixation is necessary for transforming the proteins or nucleic acids into large, insoluble aggregates which are unable to react or degrade. Ethanol is a good substitute for methanol since it´s less toxic and therefore safer to work with.

The substitution does not work well with Western blot analysis's and processing of membranes. It should also not be used on PVDF-membranes.

Alternatives to Chromic Acid Cleaners in Laboratories

Chromic acid is widely used in many laboratories for cleaning glassware. Because of the hazards for health and environment some alternatives have been developed as commercial products, but also as laboratory-made substitutes.

Lithium Ion battery for portable defibrillators

Lithium ion batteries are an alternative to those based on nickel and cadmium (NiCd). Medical equipment, like portable defibrillators, is still allowed by EU legislation to use NiCd batteries but producers of newer equipment have already turned to lithium based alternatives.

Alternatives to diethyl ether containing adhesives for electrodes used in electroencephalograms

Exposure to a diethyl ether containing adhesive, used to attach the electrodes in long-term encephalograms (EEG), was incriminated for causing dizziness and headache to nurses but also to patients in two health care units in France. The case describes the exposure during different phases of the EEG, and proposes measures to replace the adhesive or to change the way electrodes are fixed, making the adhesive unnecessary.

Substitution of gasoline with a combination of ethanol based all-purpose cleaner and window cleaner for cleaning of medical equipment.

Gasoline is used to clean medical equipment in hospital and laboratories. It was discovered that gasoline can readily be substituted with an ethanol based all-purpose cleaner. For hospital and laboratory glassware, a window cleaner should also be used for best results.

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