Case story database

Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Cables without lead, PVC and phthalates

A Danish producer of cables has developed cable installation without lead, PVC and phthalates. The new cable type NOPOVIC® is based on a mixture of non-halogen polymers such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) copolymers with added non-flammable minerals like magnesium and aluminium hydrates.

Different ways to phase out halocarbons like dichloromethane in various applications.

This document describes how a large portion of the halocarbons used and manufactured in Sweden were phased out during the late 1980´s and early 1990´s. Several specific examples are mentioned concerning what chemicals were substituted and what the alternatives were. The chemicals discussed are mainly: dichloromethane, trichloroethylene, 1,1,2-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

Fire resistant composition in particular for energy or telecommunication cables.

The substitution originates from a patent registration filed in 2006 concerning the substitution of different halogenated polymers used as flame retardants with non-halogen thermoplastics with cork as a fire retardant filler. By mixing in cork in the composition the heat release rate for the polymers decreased significantly, resulting in a more flame resistant material.

Substitution of cyclododecane or camphene with tricyclene or menthol as a volatile binding media in conservation and archaeology.

Volatile binders are used in conservation and archaeology as hydrophobic protective coatings for fragile objects during excavation, transport or handling. Cyclododecane and camphor are two examples of binders that can be readily replaced by tricyclene or menthol. There are however limitations to this substitution which are important to bear in mind, tricyclene is for example shorter lasting than cyclododecan.

Substitution of plastic paints by mineral-based paints in Metro Madrid

Madrid?s underground metropolitan transport company (metro) decided to substitute regular plastic paints which contained titanium dioxide, xylene and toluene, by mineral paints based on barium sulfate, quartz and mica that do not represent any health or environmental hazards and require less frequent maintece.

Substitution von Kunststofffarben durch mineralische Farben in der Madrider Metro

Der Verkehrsbetrieb der Madrider U-Bahn (Metro) beschloss, die regulären Kunststofffarben, die Titanadioxid, Xylol und Toluol enthalten, durch mineralische Farben zu ersetzen, die auf Bariumsulfat, Quarz und Glimmer basieren. Diese stellen keinerlei Gesundheits- oder Umweltgefahr dar und erfordern weniger häufig Instandhaltungsarbeiten.

Evaluation of halogen-free flame retardants in polypropylene formulations as alternatives to flame retardants containing halogens.

This document concerns an evaluation of several halogen-free flame retardants. The evaluation also presents some new types of flame retardants, which are fully functional, commercially available and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional halogenated flame retardants. The details, strengths and limitations of all alternatives are listed below.

Galvanic processes with acid zinc instead of cyanide zinc.

An electroplating company in Denmark made changes in the production process for galvanising. They substituted zinc cyanide by zinc chloride.

Fire-resistant and flame proof coating for polymeric thermoplastics and thermoset resins.

A surface coating consisting of fire retarding and smoke suppressing constituents dispersed in an essentially non-toxic, water based adhesive binder. The entire invention therefore consists of six different functional groups which respective functions will be explained below, the different groups are: catalyst/initiator, expendable graphite, source of carbon which additionally forms water, a blowing agent, cement and ceramics.

A safer alternative to protect wood from moisture.

This substitution example is based on a patent registration document. The invention relates to a mixture protecting wood from moisture. The mixture contains crude tall oil or another oil containing free fatty acids and/or resin acids. Present in the wood protecting mixture is also at least one other substance from a group including native neutral agents of wood and salts formed by di- or polyvalent cations. The details for how to make such a mixture is described in detail below.

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