Case story database

Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Fire resistant composition in particular for energy or telecommunication cables.

The substitution originates from a patent registration filed in 2006 concerning the substitution of different halogenated polymers used as flame retardants with non-halogen thermoplastics with cork as a fire retardant filler. By mixing in cork in the composition the heat release rate for the polymers decreased significantly, resulting in a more flame resistant material.

Evaluation of halogen-free flame retardants in polypropylene formulations as alternatives to flame retardants containing halogens.

This document concerns an evaluation of several halogen-free flame retardants. The evaluation also presents some new types of flame retardants, which are fully functional, commercially available and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional halogenated flame retardants. The details, strengths and limitations of all alternatives are listed below.

Ultrasound as alternative to biocides in cooling water application

Cooling towers provide a good environment for the development of biofilm, algae and microorganisms. Biocides are used to control this process. Dibromo-nitro-propionamide (DBNPA) (2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide) biocidal efficacy was compared to that of an ultrasound technology, used as alternative. Results showed a good performance in the case of the ultrasound device

Large cooling systems for buildings and industrial plants: Chillers with natural refrigerants.

At least two companies in Denmark produce chillers with natural refrigerants. A chiller is a factory-made refrigeration system, which can produce cold water (or liquid) to air-condition large buildings or to cool industrial processes. This case describes the use of ammonia and ammonia/carbon dioxide. The case is based upon a Danish EPA interview with the company.

Medium to large size cooling systems for buildings and industrial plants: Chillers with natural refrigerants.

Two Danish companies have started a production of medium to large cooling units (50-400 kW) that utilize simple hydrocarbons as refrigerants instead of hydrofluorocarbons. The two companies make about 150 units per year, mostly for the domestic market but exports to other countries have started.

Mittlere bis große Kühlsysteme für Gebäude und Industrieanlagen: Kältemaschinen mit natürlichen Kühlmitteln.

Zwei dänische Unternehmen begannen mit der Herstellung von mittleren bis großen Kühleinheiten (50-400 kW), die einfache Kohlenwasserstoffe als Kühlmittel an Stelle von Fluorkohlenwasserstoffen verwenden. Die beiden Unternehmen produzieren rund 150 Einheiten pro Jahr hauptsächlich für den Binnenmarkt, aber der Export in andere Länder hat ebenfalls begonnen.

Glass-pack filter as alternative to sand and zeolite filters for water treatment

Filter packs made from crushed recycled glass can replace filters made of crystalline silica- containing materials, such as sand or zeolites. They provide good filtration quality and economic advantages.

Eine elektromagnetische Technologie zur Vermeidung von mikrobiologischen und Kalkablagerungen

Eine elektronische Technologie zur Vermeidung von Ablagerungen kann gefährliche Chemikalien ersetzen, die in Wasserenthärtungs- und -aufbereitungsanlagen zur Bekämpfung von Kalkablagerungen und Biofouling eingesetzt werden.

Electro-magnetic technology for scale and bio fouling control

An electronic deposit control technology can replace hazardous chemicals used to combat scale and bio-fouling in water conditioning and treatment systems.

Electrochemical method for the treatment of arsenic-containing drinking water

Arsenic in ground water is very hazardous and is a serious problem for poor communities that use it as drinking water. An electrochemical, cost effective method for arsenic removal is presented and compared to the method using activated alumina regenerated with sodium hydroxides. Other methods are mentioned and compared briefly.

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