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Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Different ways to reduce the amount of halogenated flame retardants in electronics.

This document relates a study of how different corporations such as Apple, Sony Ericsson and Seagate have proceeded with eliminating PVC and halogenated flame retardants from their products. A few examples from the study will be described in this case story.

Proactive restriction of Mercury (Hg) on all newly designed Dell notebooks and displays

Mercury is used in Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) backlights of notebook and flat panel displays (monitors). Light Emitting Diodes (LED) were introduced as a substitute to LCD backlights a few years ago. This technology avoids the use of mercury while using energy more efficiently than LCD. Dell has been adopting the use of mercury free LED in notebooks and flat panel displays since 2008. In 2012, Dell is committed to fully transition to LED technology for all newly designed notebooks and flat panel displays.

Proaktive Beschränkung von Quecksilber (Hg) in allen neu entwickelten Dell Notebooks und Bildschirmen

Quecksilber wird in der Hintergrundbeleuchtung von Flüssigkristall-Displays (LCD) für Notebooks und Flachbildschirmen (Monitoren) verwendet. Leuchtdioden (LED) wurden vor ein paar Jahren als Substitut für LCD-Hintergrundbeleuchtung eingeführt. Diese Technologie vermeidet die Verwendung von Quecksilber und ist energie-effizienter als LCD. Dell verwendet quecksilberfreie LEDs in Notebooks und Flachbildschirmen seit 2008. Für 2012 hat sich Dell verpflichtet, bei allen neu entwickelten Notebooks und Flachbildschirmen vollständig zur LED-Technologie überzugehen.

Cleaning of wafer frames with brushing machines using tap water

Manufacturer of electronic components cleaned wafer frames made of fibre glass plastic using a continuous flow brushing machine with tap water. Formerly, components were cleaned manually with solvents.

Eliminierung der Phthalate DEHP, BBP, DBP und DIBP aus Elektronikprodukten auf eigene Initiative

DEHP, BBP und DBP sind Phthalate mit geringer molarer Masse, die verwendet werden, um Kabel weicher und flexibler zu machen. Diese Phthalate sind in die REACH Kandidatenliste aufgenommen worden und wurden in Zusammenhang mit der RoHS-Neufassung diskutiert. Gemäß dem Vorsorgeprinzip hat Dell beschlossen, auf eigene Initiative die Phthalate aus allen Produkten zu entfernen. Die Phthalate wurden durch Tris(2-ethylhexyl)benzol-1,2,4-tricarboxylate (TOM oder TOTM) oder Bis(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalat (DOCP) ersetzt. TOM und DOCP bieten dieselbe Funktionalität, sind aber weder eingestuft noch sind sie CMR Stoffe. Dell hat außerdem begonnen, von seine Zulieferer zu verlangen, die Verwendung zusätzlicher Phthalate(DIDP, DNOP, DIBP, DHNUP, DIHP) offenlegen, um einen stufenweisen Ausstieg aus deren Verwendung zu ermöglichen.

Proactively eliminating the phthalates DEHP, BBP, DBP and DIBP from electronic products

DEHP, BBP, and DBP are low molecular weight phthalates used to make cables softer and more flexible. These phthalates have been included in the REACH Candidate List and have been discussed in context of the RoHS recast. In line with the its precautionary principle, Dell has decided to proactively eliminate these phthalates from all of its products. The phthalates have been replaced with Trioctyl Trimellitate (TOM or TOTM) or Dioctyl Terephthalate (DOCP). TOM and DOCP offer the same functionality, however these are neither classified nor labelled and are not CMR substances. Dell has also started to request that its suppliers disclose the use of additional phthalates (DIDP, DNOP, DIBP, DHNUP, DIHP) to enable swift phase out of these as well.

DecaBDE and Alternatives in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE)

The case summarises information from a report from Danish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on the use of the brominated flame retardant DecaBDE in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), and describes suitable alternatives to Deca-BDE. The study has not identified any application of Deca-BDE in EEE for which substitution is not possible, from the scientific or technical point of view. The report lists 25 alternative substances. Some of these are halogenated and will not be listed in this case description.

Potentially environmentally sounder alternatives to PFOS compounds and PFOA

Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and a number of related perfluorinated compounds (perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)) are used in numerous industrial and consumer products. These compounds have been recognised as hazardous to health and environment and give rise to increasing concern. The example is based on a report from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), evaluating whether suitable less hazardous alternatives can be found. The compounds discussed in the report are based on telomers, silicone, aliphatic alcohols and acrylates. The compounds are discussed as groups and not as single products.

Alternative alloys for unleaded soldering of electronics.

The case is based on the guideline NoNE Lead-Free Guideline, November 2004. The guideline is intended as an orientation for companies planning to go lead-free. The focus is on tin alloys containing copper and silver as substitutes for Tin-Lead alloys. The report contains case studies from a number of leading Scandinavian companies and brands, which are listed in the original report.

SUBSPORTplus Specific Substances Alternatives Assessment – Lead and its inorganic compounds

Lead and its inorganic compounds are one of the specific substances or substance groups for which a detailed alternatives assessment has been performed by SUBSPORTplus according to a common methodology. In this document the hazard profile and identified uses of lead and its inorganic compounds can be found as well as the identification, assessment and comparison of alternatives for three of its uses.

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