Alternative lead-free method to the analysis of sucrose

Number

326-EN

Section

General Section

Use

Sector

Manufacture of food products
Scientific research and development

Function

Other

Process

Manual activities involving hand contact

Product category

laboratory chemicals

Application

Method to the analysis of sucrose

Abstract

Conventional polarization analysis uses lead acetate as clarifying agent for the sugar juice. An alternative method using near infrared polarimetry that does not need lead acetate was tested and provided good quality results.

Substituted substances

Lead acetate, basic

CAS No. 1335-32-6 EC No. 215-630-3 Index No. 082-007-00-9

Chemical group

Lead compounds; carboxylic acid salts

Classification: hazard statements

H351 Suspected of causing cancer
H360Df May damage the unborn child. Suspected of damaging fertility
H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Alternative Substances

Diatomite

CAS No. 61790-53-2 EC No. Index No.

Chemical group

Silicas

Reliability of information

Internet information: data are from an internet document and only a basic and partial evaluation could be performed

Reason substitution

CMR
other toxic effects
ecotoxicity

Other type of alternative

Non-chemical alternative: near infrared polarimetry

Hazard Assessment

Substance to be substituted: Lead acetate basic (acetic acid, lead salt, basic) may damage the unborn child and is suspected of damaging fertility, is very toxic to aquatic life, is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects, is suspected of causing cancer and may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Alternative substance: Diatomite, used as filtering material, has no harmonised classification according to Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation).

Description of Substitution

Polarisation is determined for sugar juice in order to establish the content in sucrose. Analysis methods using wavelength 598 nm necessitate lead acetate as clarifying agent. Instruments operating at longer wavelength, e.g., laser (830 nm) or near infra-red (840 - 889 nm) regions are less sensitive to sample colour and can be applied after a filtration phase that eliminates turbidity. Parallel tests with the conventional lead acetate method and with an alternative method (abbreviated NORPOL) using a near infra-red polarimeter (wavelength 882.6 nm) were performed on 150 ml samples filtered on 3.5 g diatomite (celite). Results showed an excellent agreement (correlation R2 = 0.998 out of 1) between the NIRPOL and the conventional method with lead acetate. Repeatability and reproducibility of the two methods were also comparable.

Case/substitution evaluation

The substitution is easy to implement but needs another type of equipment. The alternative eliminates the use of a substance that contains lead and is classified as reprotoxic. Costs with the management of chemical supply and chemical waste are reduced.

State of implementation

Pilot study

Availability ofAlternative

Alternative is available

Type of information supplier

Research

Type of publication and availability

Scientific article, freely available on internet

Publication source: author, company, institute, year

The presentation is based on: ’Lead-free pol analysis using near infrared polarimetry (NIRPOL)’, Proc S Afr Sug Technol Ass (2000) 74

Publication source

Type of publication and availability

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/LEAD-FREE-POL-ANALYSIS-USING-NEAR-INFRARED-(-NIRPOL-Staden/7d8016c5694e7d0653a

Date, reviewed

November 26, 2021