Targeted improvement of the environmental characteristics of a persistent complexing agent: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

Number

249-EN

Section

General Section

Use

Sector

Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products)

Function

Other

Process

Other

Product category

other

Application

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

Abstract

Ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid (EDTA) is used as a complexing agent in many chemical products. It is persistent and can remobilize metal ions form sediments in the environment. Ethylenediamine -N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) is a structural isomer of EDTA, less hazardous for the environment and has even better performance characteristics than EDTA depending on the application.

Substituted substances

EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)

CAS No. 60-00-4 EC No. 200-449-4 Index No. 607-429-00-8

Chemical group

Acetic acid

Classification: hazard statements

H319 Causes serious eye irritation

Alternative Substances

EDDS (ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid)

CAS No. 144538-83-0 EC No. Index No.

Chemical group

Sodium compounds; succinate

Reliability of information

Evidence of assessment: there is evidence of an official (positive) assessment of the substitution
Evidence of implementation: there is evidence that the solution was implemented and in use at time of publication

Reason substitution

PBT
vPvB

Hazard Assessment

Substance to be substituted: EDTA is not listed in the SUBSPORTplus Database. Alternative substance: The alternative EDDS is readily biodegradable. It is not listed in the SUBSPORTplus Database and has no harmonised classification according to Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation).

Description of Substitution

A good degradability of chemicals is an important principle of sustainable chemistry. The connection between the chemical structure and properties is of great importance here. EDTA is used as a complexing agent in many chemical products. More than 40% of EDTA is not degraded in the process of sewage treatment plants and can remobilize metal ions from sediments in the environment. EDDS is a constitutional isomer of EDTA. It has four stereoisomeric forms:S,S- (25%), R,R- (25%) and S,R- (50%). The S,S-isomer of EDDS, based on the naturally occurring amino acid L-aspartic acid, is readily biodegradable.However, the S,R-isomer is partly degradable and the R,R-isomer persistent. According to literature data EDDS showed good chelation properties towards heavy metal ions. It is also characterized by better extraction efficiency in the ex-situ washing tests and phytoextraction process of heavy metals from contaminated soils than EDTA.

Case/substitution evaluation

EDTA can be substituted with a readily biodegradable alternative.

State of implementation

In use

Date and place of implementation

In 2002 EDDS production achieved 10.000 tons in UK, EU.

Availability ofAlternative

On the market

Type of information supplier

Research

Contact

https://www.leuphana.de/institute/inuc.html https://www.umcs.pl/en/faculty-of-chemistry,2650.htm

Further information

Research article from Dorota Ko?ody?ska here

Type of publication and availability

Free available

Publication source: author, company, institute, year

Ko?ody?ska D. (2011) Chelating Agents of a New Generation as an Alternative to Conventional Chelators for Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Different Waste Waters. Expanding Issues in Desalination, p. 339 – 370 
link

Date, reviewed

November 26, 2021