Number
083-EN
Section
General Section
Use
Sector
Other
Function
Other
Process
Other
Product category
other
Application
Diverse
Abstract
This guide seeks to promote and support the substitution of toxic chemicals in industry. It includes a description of substitution criteria and introduces alternatives to the different uses of 12 toxic chemicals: arsenic, cadmium, chloromethane, zinc chromate, strontium chromate, dimethylformamide, formaldehyde, hydrazine, methylglyclol, ethylglycol, perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene.
Substituted substances
Cadmium
CAS No. 7440-43-9 EC No. 231-152-8 Index No. 048-002-00-0
Chemical group
Metals
Classification: hazard statements
H250 Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H350 May cause cancer
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects
H361fd Suspected of damaging fertility. Suspected of damaging the unborn child
H330 Fatal if inhaled
H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 1 carcinogen (IARC) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
N,N-dimethylformamide
CAS No. 68-12-2 EC No. 200-679-5 Index No. 616-001-00-X
Chemical group
Carboxamides
Classification: hazard statements
H360D May damage the unborn child
H332 Harmful if inhaled
H312 Harmful in contact with skin
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
Formaldehyde
CAS No. 50-00-0 EC No. 200-001-8 Index No. 605-001-00-5
Chemical group
Aldehyde
Classification: hazard statements
H350 May cause cancer
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects
H331 Toxic if inhaled
H311 Toxic in contact with skin
H301 Toxic if swallowed
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 1 carcinogen (IARC) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
Hydrazine
CAS No. 302-01-2 EC No. 206-114-9 Index No. 007-008-00-3
Chemical group
Hydrazine and hydrazinium salts
Classification: hazard statements
H226 Flammable liquid and vapour
H350 May cause cancer
H331 Toxic if inhaled
H311 Toxic in contact with skin
H301 Toxic if swallowed
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 2B carcinogen (IARC) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
2-Methoxyethanol
CAS No. 109-86-4 EC No. 203-713-7 Index No. 603-011-00-4
Chemical group
Glycol ethers
Classification: hazard statements
H226 Flammable liquid and vapour
H360FD May damage fertility. May damage the unborn child
H332 Harmful if inhaled
H312 Harmful in contact with skin
H302 Harmful if swallowed
Trichloroethylene
CAS No. 79-01-6 EC No. 201-167-4 Index No. 602-027-00-9
Chemical group
Organochloride compound, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon
Classification: hazard statements
H350 May cause cancer
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects
H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H315 Causes skin irritation
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 2A carcinogen (IARC), neurotoxic cat. 4 (Vela et al.) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
Dichloromethane
CAS No. 75-09-2 EC No. 200-838-9 Index No. 602-004-00-3
Chemical group
Chlorinated Halocarbons
Classification: hazard statements
H351 Suspected of causing cancer
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 2B carcinogen (IARC) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
Arsenic
CAS No. 7440-38-2 EC No. 231-148-6 Index No. 033-001-00-X
Chemical group
Semimetals
Classification: hazard statements
H331 Toxic if inhaled
H301 Toxic if swallowed
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 1 carcinogen (IARC), neurotoxic cat. 4 (Vela et al.) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
Zinc chromate (VI) hydroxide
CAS No. 37300-23-5 EC No. Index No.
Chemical group
Chromates
Other adverse effects
The substance is: 1 carcinogen (IARC: chromium VI compounds), as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).
Reliability of information
Internet information: data are from an internet document and only a basic and partial evaluation could be performed
Reason substitution
CMR
neurotoxicant
skin/respiratory sensitizing
physical hazards
Hazard Assessment
Substances to be substituted: Cadmium is a Substance of very high concern and is included on the REACH restriction list, according to Article 73 of Regulation (EG) No. 1907/2006(REACH Regulation). Dimethylformamide is a Substance of very high concern and is included on the REACH restriction list, according to Article 73 of Regulation (EG) No. 1907/2006 (REACH Regulation). Formaldehyde may cause sensitisation by skin contact and may cause cancer, according to Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation). It is listed in the hazardous Substance Database according to SUBSPORTplus Screening Criteria (SDSC). Hydrazine may cause cancer according to Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation). It fulfils the criteria to be listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORTplus Screening Criteria (SDSC). 2-Methoxyethanol is a Substance of very high concern and is included on the REACH candidate list for authorization, according to Article 59 of Regulation (EG) No. 1907/2006(REACH Regulation). Trichloroethylene is a Substance of very high concern and is included on the REACH candidate list for authorization, according to Article 59 of Regulation (EG) No. 1907/2006(REACH Regulation). Dichloromethane is a Substance of very high concern and is included on the REACH restriction list, according to Article 73 of Regulation (EG) No. 1907/2006(REACH Regulation). Alternative substances: There is no further information about the alternatives. » Check the Substance Database according to SUBSPORTplus Screening Criteria (SDSC)
Case/substitution evaluation
This case study shows an overview of 12 toxic substances. But because of the extense of the original document and that there are no further information about the alternatives, a complete evaluation is not appropriate.
Type of publication and availability
Freely available
Publication source: author, company, institute, year
Oleart Comellas, Pere; Pou Serra, Ramón; Rabassó Campi, Jordi; Sanz Gallén, Pere. Edición: Foment del Treball 2011
Publication source
Type of publication and availability
http://aetox.es/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Guia_sustitucion_Agentes_Quimicos.pdf
Date, reviewed
December 11, 2020